1,100-Year-Old Glass Perfume Bottles Unearthed off the Coast of Kaş
Underwater excavations off the coast of Kaş, in Türkiye’s Antalya province, have revealed 1,000–1,100-year-old glass perfume bottles from the wreck of an Eastern Mediterranean merchant ship. The find is considered one of the earliest pieces of evidence for the import of fragrances from the East to Europe during the Middle Ages. Assoc. Prof. Hakan Öniz,
How did the non-seafaring Hittites of the Bronze Age maintain control over Eastern Mediterranean trade?
During the Bronze Age, Anatolia possessed significant overland trade routes. The trade colonies established by Assyrian merchants formed the main arteries of trade in the 2nd millennium BC. These Assyrian traders transported goods from Mesopotamia to the western reaches of Anatolia through trade routes, contributing to the development of commerce. Notably, the Assyrian traders not