Thursday, April 23 2026

Category: Black Sea

Zeus Temple

Only Foundations Remain of 2,100-Year-Old Zeus Temple After Looting Damage

A 2,100-year-old Zeus temple in Amasya, recognized as the only known example of its kind in Türkiye’s Black Sea region, has been reduced to little more than its foundation stones, after years of neglect and repeated illegal excavations that have gradually eroded what once stood on one of the area’s most commanding hilltops. Located near

Rare 1,500-Year-Old Knife Set

Rare 1,500-Year-Old Knife Set Found Together in Hadrianopolis Reveals Deep Roots of Animal Husbandry

Archaeologists working at Hadrianopolis often referred to as the “Black Sea’s Zeugma” have uncovered a rare knife set found together in a single context, offering new insight into daily life in Late Antiquity. The discovery was made in a kitchen area within the Bath Complex, where four iron knives of similar type but different sizes

Roadworks in Rize Reveal a Hidden 19th-Century Stone Bridge Buried Beneath the City

Roadworks in Rize Reveal a Hidden 19th-Century Stone Bridge Buried Beneath the City

A historic stone arch bridge in Rize, long buried beneath layers of road construction, has re-emerged during ongoing urban redevelopment works. Dating back to 1826, the structure had remained hidden for decades—preserved beneath asphalt and fill—until recent excavations brought it back into view. The bridge, locally known as the “Çitanın Bridge,” was uncovered along a

A 600-year-old Ottoman endowment inscription carved directly into natural bedrock has been restored in Amasya, northern Türkiye. Dating to 1418, the Bayezid Pasha foundation text is now readable again after years of damage, and experts say it may represent the only known example of a waqf inscription carved into living rock anywhere in the world. Located along the banks of the Yeşilırmak River, near the Leğenkaya Waterfall, the inscription had long been obscured by graffiti and surface deterioration. The recent restoration has not only cleaned the stone but also revealed a rare form of Ottoman documentation—one that was literally engraved into the landscape. A waqf text carved into living rock Commissioned by Grand Vizier Bayezid Pasha during the reign of Ottoman Sultan Mehmed I, the inscription differs fundamentally from typical waqf documents. Instead of being written on paper or carved onto a separate stone slab, the text was engraved directly into the natural rock surface. Before carving began, the rock face was carefully leveled to create a smooth plane resembling polished marble. The inscription, executed in relief, spans approximately 3 meters in width and 110 centimeters in height. It consists of eight lines in Arabic script and contains around 125 words, excluding particles. This deliberate and permanent method of inscription suggests a strong intention to embed the legal and charitable framework of the foundation into the physical environment itself. From vandalized surface to readable text Over time, the inscription suffered significant damage. Spray paint, scratches, and informal markings had turned the surface into what locals described as a “writing board,” obscuring much of the original text. The restoration process involved carefully removing paint residues using a controlled micro-abrasion technique with travertine powder. The weakened stone surface was then stabilized with compatible conservation materials. To improve legibility, conservators applied subtle shading, allowing the carved letters to stand out more clearly without altering the original structure. As a result, the inscription has regained much of its visual clarity. Protected for the future The intervention went beyond cleaning and stabilization. A reinforced protection system was installed around the site, including structural supports and a transparent protective layer over the inscription itself. Lighting was also added to enhance nighttime visibility, ensuring the inscription can be appreciated while remaining protected from further environmental and human damage. Why this inscription matters Waqf (endowment) documents played a central role in the Ottoman world, defining how religious, social, and charitable institutions were funded and maintained. These texts were typically recorded in manuscripts or occasionally inscribed on architectural elements. The Amasya example stands apart. By carving the endowment directly into bedrock, its creators transformed a legal document into a permanent public statement embedded in the natural landscape. According to regional heritage officials, this characteristic may make it the only known rock-cut waqf inscription of its kind globally—a claim that, if further supported, would place the monument in a unique position within both Ottoman studies and the broader history of epigraphy.

600-Year-Old Rock-Cut Ottoman Endowment Inscription Restored in Amasya, Possibly Unique Worldwide

A 600-year-old Ottoman endowment inscription carved directly into natural bedrock has been restored in Amasya, northern Türkiye. Dating to 1418, the Bayezid Pasha foundation text is now readable again after years of damage, and experts say it may represent the only known example of a waqf inscription carved into living rock anywhere in the world.

Beneath a Modern Market in Trabzon, a Rare Roman-Era River Harbor Emerges

Beneath a Modern Market in Trabzon, a Rare Roman-Era River Harbor Emerges

For years, the Pazarkapı district in Trabzon was simply a marketplace. Few suspected that beneath the demolished Kadınlar Hali building lay a structure that would quietly redefine how we understand Black Sea commerce. Recent archaeological and conservation work has identified the remains as a river harbor connected to the Kuzgundere Stream — and, according to

Ancient Ritual Pit at Oluz Höyük May Represent Anatolia’s Earliest Evidence of Zoroastrian Worship

Ancient Ritual Pit at Oluz Höyük May Represent Anatolia’s Earliest Evidence of Zoroastrian Worship

Across central Anatolia, layers of earth sometimes preserve turning points in religious history. At Oluz Höyük, an archaeological mound near modern Amasya in northern Türkiye, researchers have identified a ritual installation that may represent the earliest archaeological evidence of Zoroastrian ceremonial practice in Anatolia. The interpretation is based on a detailed academic study examining a

Villagers Used Stones from a Zeus Temple to Build Their Homes

Villagers Used Stones from a Zeus Temple to Build Their Homes

In northern Anatolia, the remains of an ancient Roman sanctuary have resurfaced in a way few would expect. In the Daday district of Kastamonu, villagers once took stones from a temple dedicated to Zeus and reused them in the construction of their homes, embedding fragments of a sacred monument into everyday domestic architecture. The site

A 2,600-Year-Old Persian-Era Tandoor Discovered at Oluz Höyük by Turkish Archaeologists

A 2,600-Year-Old Persian-Era Tandoor Discovered at Oluz Höyük by Turkish Archaeologists

Buried just beneath the floor of an ancient domestic space at Oluz Höyük in northern Türkiye, a clay-built oven has resurfaced with a familiar shape. Despite being 2,600 years old, the structure looks strikingly similar to the tandoors still used in Anatolian kitchens today—an architectural continuity that spans millennia. The discovery was made during the

Late Roman Palace Hall with Rare Mosaics Discovered at Hadrianopolis in Northern Anatolia

Late Roman Palace Hall with Rare Mosaics Discovered at Hadrianopolis in Northern Anatolia

The moment archaeologists lifted the soil, the floor answered first—a near-intact mosaic field, still crisp enough to read like a visual statement of power. At Hadrianopolis, the ancient city in Karabük’s Eskipazar district in northern Anatolia, excavators have uncovered a mosaic-paved reception hall interpreted as part of a palace-like complex. The Find: A Formal Reception

A Smiling Medusa Discovered in the Ancient City of Amastris on Türkiye’s Black Sea Coast

A Smiling Medusa Discovered in the Ancient City of Amastris on Türkiye’s Black Sea Coast

Archaeologists working in Amasra have uncovered a highly unusual depiction of one of antiquity’s most iconic mythological figures. A Medusa carved not with a terrifying expression, but with a gentle, almost smiling face has been found among the ceiling coffers of a monumental Roman stoa. The discovery offers a new perspective on the artistic choices

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