5,000-Year-Old Evidence of Charcoal-Based Medicine and Ancient Antibiotic Resistance Unearthed in Zonguldak’s İnönü Cave
A groundbreaking interdisciplinary study led by archaeologists and microbiologists from Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University (BEUN) has revealed that prehistoric communities in northern Türkiye were using charcoal for medicinal purposes 5,000 years ago. The same project also traced the origins of antibiotic resistance genes back more than 6,000 years, challenging assumptions that resistance emerged solely due